History & Nature: Azraq Wetland Reserve and Desert Castles

Explore the Azraq Wetland Reserve and the Desert Castles of Jordan on a guided tour from Amman. Discover the rich culture and artistic innovation of the Umayyad dynasty.
Begin your adventure with a convenient pickup from your accommodation in Amman. Embark on a captivating journey through Jordan's ancient and breathtaking desert landscapes, unveiling its rich history and timeless beauty.

Your driver will take you on an hour-long journey to Qasr al-Azraq, a fortress built primarily from local black basalt stone. Originally a Roman fort, it was later rebuilt by the Mamluks. This fort holds modern historical significance as T.E. Lawrence's (Lawrence of Arabia) headquarters during the Arab Revolt (1917–1918). It is situated near the Azraq Wetland Reserve, managed by the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature (RSCN). This vital habitat on the African-Eurasian migratory bird flyway supports hundreds of species, including the rare endemic Azraq Killifish. The name “Azraq,” meaning “blue,” refers to the extensive body of water that once existed in this area.

Next, stop at Qasr Al-Harranah, an imposing and well-preserved two-story structure. Often considered the quintessential “desert castle” due to its fortress-like exterior, its actual purpose remains a subject of debate, though it was likely a caravanserai or a rural meeting hall. Inside, its austere facade gives way to an interior adorned with geometric patterns.

Finally, discover Qusayr ‘Amra, renowned as the most captivating desert castle. This compact bath complex is celebrated for its extensive and unique figurative frescoes, which vividly portray scenes of hunting, dancing, and bathing. Notably, the dome of the caldarium (hot room) features a detailed celestial map.

As your comfortable, air-conditioned vehicle turns back toward Amman, take a moment to reflect on your remarkable journey through the Eastern Desert. You will have explored the unique elegance and controversial frescoes of Qusayr ‘Amra—a true masterpiece of early Islamic art—the stark, imposing architecture of the massive Qasr Al-Harranah, and the historic black basalt fortress of Qasr al-Azraq, which once served as Lawrence of Arabia’s winter headquarters.

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